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The future of regō and audiō

regam, regēs, reget: a new tense sign, and a look-alike trap.

LatinIntermediate Latin · Verbs: the present systemAbout 3 min: 1 reading, 2 practiceUpdated

After this lesson you can
  • Form the future of regō and audiō
  • Tell third-conjugation future (regēs) from second-conjugation present (monēs)
  • Read -am in the first person as future
Latin Level 2: verbs and the other declensions: lesson 8 of 35
  1. Intermediate Latin · Verbs: the present system
  2. sum: I am, I was, I shall be 3 min
  3. The present of amō and moneō 4 min
  4. The imperfect: was doing 4 min
  5. The future: will do 3 min
  6. The dative with adjectives 3 min
  7. The present of regō and audiō 4 min
  8. The imperfect of regō and audiō, and verbs that take the dative 3 min
  9. The future of regō and audiō 3 min
  10. capiō, and giving orders 3 min
  11. Intermediate Latin · The passive voice
  12. The passive: being done to 3 min
  13. The passive of regō, audiō and capiō; passive infinitives 3 min
  14. Synopses, and the ablative of "from" 3 min
  15. Intermediate Latin · The perfect tenses
  16. fuī, fueram, fuerō: the perfect tenses of sum 3 min
  17. The perfect active: did, have done 5 min
  18. Had done, will have done: pluperfect and future perfect active 3 min
  19. amātus sum: the perfect passive 4 min
  20. Principal parts, prepositions, and yes-or-no questions 5 min
  21. possum, "I can", and the infinitive 3 min
  22. Intermediate Latin · Pronouns
  23. quī, quae, quod: who, which, that 4 min
  24. Intermediate Latin · The third declension
  25. rēx, rēgis: the third declension 4 min
  26. hostis, urbs, mare: i-stems 4 min
  27. vīs and iter; gender in the third declension 4 min
  28. omnis, ācer, pār: third-declension adjectives 3 min
  29. Intermediate Latin · The fourth and fifth declensions
  30. manus, cornū: the fourth declension 3 min
  31. Rōmae, domī, Athēnīs: place and the locative 4 min
  32. diēs, rēs: the fifth declension and the ablative of time 3 min
  33. Intermediate Latin · Pronouns
  34. ego, tū, sē: personal and reflexive pronouns 4 min
  35. ipse, "himself", and īdem, "the same" 3 min
  36. hic, iste, ille: this and that 4 min
  37. aliquis, quīdam, quisque: someone, a certain, each 3 min
  38. Intermediate Latin · Comparison
  39. clārior, clārissimus: comparing adjectives 4 min
  40. melior, optimus: irregular comparison, plūs, and "by how much" 3 min
  41. clārē, fortiter: adverbs and their comparison 4 min
  42. Intermediate Latin · Numerals
  43. ūnus, duo, trēs: numerals, "of" the whole, and "for how long" 5 min
  44. Intermediate Latin · Deponent verbs
  45. hortor, sequor: deponent verbs 3 min

Try first

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Pairs with D'Ooge, Latin for Beginners (Ginn, 1909), Lesson XXV ("Future Active Indicative of regō and audiō"), §§ 156–157

What it is

The third and fourth conjugations do not use -bi-. Their future uses -a- in the "I" form and -ē- everywhere else:

regōaudiō
I shallregamaudiam
you willregēsaudiēs
he willregetaudiet
we shallregēmusaudiēmus
you (pl.) willregētisaudiētis
they willregentaudient

Quick check

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  1. What does dūcent mean?

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    they will lead. Third-conjugation future: -ent.

Why it matters

This future looks like other forms you already know, so it is easy to misread. Knowing which conjugation a verb belongs to is what tells you the tense.

Worked example

  • Crās lēgātus cōpiās dūcet. → Tomorrow the lieutenant will lead the troops.
  • Nūntium mittam. → I shall send a messenger.
  • Puerī verba magistrī audient. → The boys will hear the teacher's words.

Common mistake

Reading regēs or mittet as present. In the second conjugation monēs is present, but in the third regēs is future. Check the infinitive: regere (short e) is third conjugation, so regēs = you will rule.

Key terms

regam, regēs, reget
I shall / you will / he will rule
audiam, audiēs, audiet
I shall / you will / he will hear
nūntius, -ī, m.
messenger, message

Practise the key terms

Tap a card to turn it over. 3 cards.

FrontBack
regam, regēs, regetI shall / you will / he will rule
audiam, audiēs, audietI shall / you will / he will hear
nūntius, -ī, m.messenger, message

Practice

Sort it

Present or future?

  1. monēs (moneō, 2nd)

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    Present. Second conjugation: -ēs is present.

  2. regēs (regō, 3rd)

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    Future. Third conjugation: -ēs is future.

  3. mittunt

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    Present. -unt: third-conjugation present.

  4. mittent

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    Future. -ent: third-conjugation future.

  5. veniam

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    Future. -am: first person future.

  6. venīmus

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    Present. -īmus: fourth-conjugation present.

Quick quiz

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  1. "I shall say"

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    dīcam. Third-conjugation future: -am.

  2. "We shall come"

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    veniēmus. Fourth-conjugation future: -iēmus.

Practise speaking

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You are a patient Latin tutor. Use the classical pronunciation only, never the Church one: c is always k, g is always hard, v sounds like w, ae like the ai in aisle, and long vowels are held longer. Speak slowly. Use only these Latin words: regam, regēs, reget, audiam, audiēs, audiet, dūcō, mittō, veniō, nūntius. Give me English phrases like 'the messenger will come' or 'we shall send', and I will say the future in Latin. Watch that I use -am, -ēs, -et and not -bō. Do 10 phrases. After each answer, tell me what kind of mistake I made, if any, and let me try again, then tell me one thing to improve. Keep every reply under 2 sentences. If I need a name or a town, I will make one up. Speak English except for the Latin itself.

Listen too. Listen to native speakers before and after: see the free listening and shadowing links.

Good to know. AI feedback on pronunciation is hit and miss, so check yourself against native recordings. This course teaches the classical pronunciation (see lesson 1); AI voices may mix it with the Church (Italian-style) one, so ask for classical and check against lesson 1. Don't share personal details: use a made-up name and town.

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In short

  • 3rd and 4th conjugation future: -am, -ēs, -et, -ēmus, -ētis, -ent.
  • 4th keeps its i: audiam, audiēs …
  • Third-conjugation future looks like second-conjugation present: check the conjugation.

Mastery check

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Check yourself

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  1. Give "they will send".

    Show answer

    mittent.

  2. Is dūcēs present or future?

    Show answer

    Future: you will lead.

  3. Give "I shall hear".

    Show answer

    audiam.

Further reading

  • D'Ooge, Latin for Beginners, Lesson XXV, §§ 156–157. Public domain; Project Gutenberg.